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A key element of audit is that it reviews performance to ensure what is being done is what should actually be done.
 
A definition of audit, developed many years ago by the National Institute for Clinical Excellence (NICE), the Commission for Health Improvement (CHI) and the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) states that ‘Audit is a quality improvement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systematic review of care against explicit criteria and the implementation of change’.

Audit is a cyclical process of assessing current services against set standards, taking action and/or changing practice to work towards achieving the standard and then reviewing again. Where indicated, changes are implemented at an individual, team or service level and further monitoring is used to confirm improvement in healthcare delivery.
Audit may be undertaken locally or on a regional or national level. An example of a national audit is the This new report  2010  presents the latest findings from Round 7 of the Sentinel Stroke Audit organisation of care in England  Wales and Northern Ireland  In particular it deals with structures  staffing  policy  TIA  mini stroke  services  communication between staff groups and with patients and carers  National Stroke Sentinel Audit, a national audit undertaken by the Royal College of Physicians on a two-year cycle across Wales, England and Northern Ireland.
 

Wales Audit Office Publications

The Wales Audit Office has been undertaking a national study into the effectiveness of unscheduled care services in Wales.
This reports below focus on  developing a whole systems approach, NHS Direct Wales and its contribution to the unscheduled care system, chronic conditions management and patient handovers at emergency departments.


Audit Toolkit

The report below comprises the evaluation of a six month project undertaken by the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) and The College of Emergency Medicine (CEM). RCGP and CEM have worked closely with a wide range of Urgent Care providers and representatives throughout the course of the project.


Health Care Quality Improvement Partnership (HQIP)

HQIP is in the process of developing a library of all national clinical audits. The partnership website also provides links to the Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit (MINAP)
 
An example of a national clinical audit undertaken within the HQIP umbrella framework is the National Hip Fracture Database (NHFD). This is a clinically led, web-based audit of hip fracture care and secondary prevention in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Channel Islands. Hip fracture is the commonest serious injury of older people and approximately 76% of the estimated 70,000 cases occurring annually are now documented by the NHFD. All 191 eligible hospitals in England, Wales, Northern Ireland and the Channel Islands are now registered with NHFD. The NHFD 2011 National Report includes more than 53,000 cases admitted between April 2010 and March 2011.
The Myocardial Ischaemia National Audit Project (MINAP) was established in 1999, in response to the national service framework (NSF) for coronary heart disease, to examine the quality of management of heart attacks (myocardial infarction) in hospitals in England and Wales. Initially the project focused on the hospital management of ST elevation myocardial infarction. However the dataset has been expanded to cover other acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and the introduction of pre-hospital thrombolysis and primary percutaneous intervention. All hospitals in England and Wales that admit patients with acute coronary syndromes contribute data.


The NHS Information Centre

The NHS Information Centre is England's central, authoritative source of health and social care information for frontline decision makers. The National Clinical Audit Support Programme (NCASP) page on their website contains links to a number of audit resources.